MRI-based Modelling of Traumatic Brain Injury

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• Martin Ostoja-Starzewski (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
• Tuesday 25 July 2023, 15:00-16:00
• Seminar Room 2, Newton Institute.

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USM - Uncertainty quantification and stochastic modelling of materials

A high-resolution MRI based finite element (FE) model is used as a basis for study of transient wave dynamics during blunt head trauma (BHT). Traditional numerical models employ homogenized, or averaged, mechanical properties to approximate constitutive relations of biological tissues [1]. In this work, we extend our model, previously presented, and validated in [2-4], by introducing thermoelastic effects [5]. The model is based on T1 and T2-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) dataset of a specific subject. Image voxels are directly converted to eight-node hexahedral finite elements, roughly of side 1.30 mm. Individual elements are assigned tissue types – skull, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), grey matter, and white matter – based on image segmentation results. Material properties of the white matter are captured through MRE using a nonlinear inversion technique developed in [6]. Using a viscoelastic material model, the storage and loss moduli are reconstructed at the same spatial resolution as the finite elements. All other tissues in our model are assumed to be heterogeneous and isotropic with values chosen from literature. The very fine mesh used in our model enables simulations of transient wavefronts being only several millimetres in thickness. Loading is in the form of an impact pulse, taken from [7]. The model reported here is based on a coupled thermoelasticity under infinitesimal strain and either Fourier or Maxwell-Cattaneo heat conduction assumptions. It is found that mechanical impacts on the forehead cause a temperature rise of up to 0.3 C above the reference homogeneous temperature field.   REFERENCES : 

Madhukar, A. and Ostoja-Starzewski, M. (2019) Finite element methods in human head impact simulations: A review, Ann. Biomed. Eng. 47(9), 1832–1854. Chen, Y. and Ostoja-Starzewski, M. (2010) MRI -based finite element modeling of head trauma: spherically focusing shear waves, Acta Mech. 213(1-2), 155-167. Chen, Y., Sutton, B., Conway, C., Broglio, S.P. and Ostoja-Starzewski, M., (2012) Brain deformation under mild impact: Magnetic resonance imaging-based assessment and finite element study, in special issue “Brain Neuro-Mechanics” of Int. J. Num. Anal. Model. Ser. B 3 (1), 20-35, 2012. Madhukar, A. and Ostoja-Starzewski, M. (2020) Modelling and simulation of head trauma utilizing white matter properties from magnetic resonance elastography, Modelling 1, 225-241, 2020. Supplementary Material: simulation movie. Madhukar, A. and Ostoja-Starzewski, M. (2022) Blunt head impact causes a temperature rise in the brain, R. Soc. Open Sci. 9, 220890. Johnson, C.L., McGarry, M.D., Gharibans, A.A., Weaver, J.B., Paulsen, K.D., Wang, H., Olivero, W.C., Sutton, B.P. and Georgiadis, J.G. (2013) Local mechanical properties of white matter structures in the human brain. Neuroimage 79, 145–152. Nahum, A., Smith, R. and Ward, C. (1997) Intracranial pressure dynamics during head impact. Proc. 21st Stapp Car Crash Conf., 339–366.

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