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Amorphous Bulk Metals

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The glassy state preserves the atomic arrangements of the liquid in a material that is mechanically solid. Next year sees the 50th anniversary of the first demonstration that glasses could be formed not only in the silicate systems familiar from antiquity, but also in metallic alloys. Initially metallic glasses could be obtained only on ultra-rapid quenching of the liquid, and were therefore restricted to very thin sections from which heat could be easily extracted. Now with careful choice of composition, they can be made in bulk (e.g. cylinders of several centimetres diameter). Lacking the crystalline order and complex microstructures of conventional alloys, metallic glasses have quite unusual properties and combinations of properties. They exhibit the highest strengths, elastic strains and elastic energy storage capacities of any metallic material, as well as being exceptional soft magnets. They are now widely exploited at length scales from golf clubs to MEMS devices. Although parvenus in the glassy world, metallic glasses have now been widely studied, dramatically improving our understanding of liquids and glasses in general. Some key recent developments will be reviewed in this presentation.

This talk is part of the Horizon: Materials series.

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