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SUMMARY:Conserved nucleocytoplasmic density homeostasis drives cellular or
 ganization across eukaryotes - Simone Reber (Max Planck Institute for Infe
 ction Biology)
DTSTART:20231010T092000Z
DTEND:20231010T100000Z
UID:TALK204778@talks.cam.ac.uk
DESCRIPTION:The packing and confinement of macromolecules in the cytoplasm
  and nucleoplasm has profound implications for cellular biochemistry. How 
 intracellular density distributions vary and affect cellular physiology re
 mains largely unknown. Here\, we show that the nucleus is less dense than 
 the cytoplasm and that living systems establish and maintain a constant de
 nsity ratio between these compartments. Using label-free biophotonics and 
 theory\, we show that nuclear density is set by a pressure balance across 
 the nuclear envelope in vitro\, in vivo and during early development. Nucl
 ear transport establishes a specific nuclear proteome that exerts a colloi
 d osmotic pressure\, which\, assisted by entropic chromatin pressure\, dra
 ws water into the nucleus. Using C. elegans\, we show that while nuclear-t
 o-cytoplasmic (N/C) volume ratios change during early development\, the N/
 C density ratio is robustly maintained. We propose that the maintenance of
  a constant N/C density ratio is the biophysical driver of one of the olde
 st tenets of cell biology: the N/C volume ratio. In summary\, this study r
 eveals a previously unidentified homeostatic coupling of macromolecular de
 nsities that drives cellular organization with implications for pathophysi
 ologies such as senescence and cancer.
LOCATION:Seminar Room 1\, Newton Institute
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