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CATEGORIES:Core Seminar in Economic and Social History
SUMMARY:Monopoly Menace: The Rise and Fall of ‘Cartel Capi
 talism’ in  Western Europe\, 1918-1957 - Liane Hew
 itt (Sciences Po)
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/London:20241024T171500
DTEND;TZID=Europe/London:20241024T184500
UID:TALK222187AThttp://talks.cam.ac.uk
URL:http://talks.cam.ac.uk/talk/index/222187
DESCRIPTION:Cartels today are illegal and illegitimate across 
 the globe. Yet until the end of World War II\, car
 tels were legal\, ubiquitous\, and even popular—es
 pecially in Europe. How\, then\, did cartels becom
 e bad? That is the question this dissertation pose
 s. By the 1930s\, over 1\,000 monopolistic agreeme
 nts regulated nearly half of world trade. Internat
 ional cartels governed the interwar world economy:
  setting prices and output quotas\, dividing world
  markets\, regulating trade flows\, and even contr
 olling the transfer of patents across firms and so
 vereign state borders. I conceptualize this regime
  as "cartel capitalism." Most cartels were headqua
 rtered in industrial Europe. First\, I trace how a
  surprising consensus in interwar Europe—comprisin
 g national governments\, international organizatio
 ns like the League of Nations\, industrialists\, l
 ed by the International Chamber of Commerce\, fede
 ralists\, and even socialists—backed cartels as a 
 panacea to the problems of reconstruction after 19
 18: namely peace-building and the failure of free-
 markets. In the wake of 1945\, however\, most coun
 tries in Western Europe—along with the new suprana
 tional European Coal and Steel Community (1951) an
 d European Economic Community (EEC)—started prohib
 iting cartels. My project illuminates the causes a
 nd consequences of this great reversal. Monopoly M
 enace reveals how Europe's transnational reckoning
  with the shocks of the Great Depression\, fascism
 \, and total war produced a genuine anti-cartel re
 volution. Monopoly Menace ends by illuminating how
  American\, British\, French\, and West German pos
 t-war planners designed new national welfare-state
 s\, the Bretton Woods Order\, and the European Uni
 on on the control of private monopoly power.
LOCATION:Room 6\, Faculty of History
CONTACT:
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