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CATEGORIES:Genetics Seminar 
SUMMARY:A new force awakens: comparative approach to tissu
 e morphogenesis in insects - Dr Pavel Tomancak fro
 m Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology a
 nd Genetics\, Dresden 
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/London:20190509T140000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/London:20190509T150000
UID:TALK120502AThttp://talks.cam.ac.uk
URL:http://talks.cam.ac.uk/talk/index/120502
DESCRIPTION:"During gastrulation\, physical forces reshape the
  simple embryonic tissue to form a complex body pl
 an of multicellular organisms. These forces often 
 cause large-scale asymmetric movements of the embr
 yonic tissue. In many embryos\, the tissue undergo
 ing gastrulation movements is surrounded by a rigi
 d protective shell. While it is well recognized th
 at gastrulation movements depend on forces generat
 ed by tissue-intrinsic contractility\, it is not k
 nown if interactions between the tissue and the pr
 otective shell provide additional forces that impa
 ct gastrulation. Our recent work has shown that a 
 particular part of the blastoderm tissue of the re
 d flour beetle Tribolium castaneum tightly adheres
  in a temporally coordinated manner to the vitelli
 ne envelope surrounding the embryo. This attachmen
 t generates an additional force that counteracts t
 he tissue-intrinsic contractile forces to create a
 symmetric tissue movements. Furthermore\, this loc
 alized attachment is mediated by a specific integr
 in\, and its knock-down leads to a gastrulation ph
 enotype consistent with complete loss of attachmen
 t. Moreover\, analysis of another integrin in the 
 fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster suggests that ga
 strulation in this organism also relies on adhesio
 n between the blastoderm and the vitelline envelop
 e. Together\, our findings reveal a conserved mech
 anism whereby the spatiotemporal pattern of tissue
  adhesion to the vitelline envelope provides contr
 ollable counter-forces that shape gastrulation mov
 ements in insects. It also provides a new perspect
 ive on evolution of early gastrulation processes i
 mpacted by patterned contacts with the constrainin
 g extra-embryonic envelopes."
LOCATION:Biffen Lecture Theatre\, Department of Genetics\, 
 Downing Site
CONTACT:Caroline Newnham
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