21-cm Cosmology: First Stars and Beyond

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• Professor Anastasia Fialkov
• Tuesday 04 November 2025, 18:00-19:30
• Pfizer Lecture Theatre, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road.

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Low-frequency radio observations present a unique opportunity to fill a critical gap in our understanding of the early universe, bridging the cosmic microwave background (CMB) last scattering surface with the era of high-redshift galaxies observed by the JWST and ALMA . In this talk, I will discuss the latest theoretical developments, existing observational constraints, and prospects for future observations. The formation of the first stars and the subsequent population of X-ray binaries drove a fundamental transition in the state of the universe that the radio telescopes can probe. Due to the lack of direct observations, the properties of these sources remain highly uncertain. The cosmological 21-cm signal produced by neutral hydrogen gas contains unique information about the first generations of UV and X-ray sources, as well as their impact on the surrounding environment. Observations of the 21-cm signal with the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and its precursors will open a new observational window, allowing us to significantly improve our understanding of these objects and the evolution of the universe.

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